LES MARIAGE PRECOCE

Le mariage précoce étant un acte par lequel l’autorité parentale ou titulaire s’exerce sur une personne mineur, en donnant cette dernière en mariage .le mariage avant 18ans est interdit par la loi car le consentement des mineur n’est pas valable. Celui-ci est l’une des formes des violences sexuelles est sexistes qui subissent la victime/survivantes et qui la rendent vulnérables dans la société.
1. CAUSE DE MARIAGE PRÉCOCE ICI CHEZ NOUS

La pratique de mariage précoce comme forme de violence sexuelles est sexistes est due :
- A la coutume rétrograde : certaines coutumes bafouent les droits de la jeune fille en affirmant celle –ci doit se faire marier à l’âge de moins de 18ans
Toujours à cette coutume, rétrograde aussi tôt que la fille atteint l’âge de 18ans et plus, elle se voir rejeter, agresse ment moralement (moquerie) par les membres de sa famille. Comme quoi elle a déjà de passe l’âge pour le mariage.
-La pauvre : celle-ci aussi est un facteur qui pousse à donne en mariage leurs filles mineures à quelqu’un dans le but, de gagner plus vite la dot. Mais aussi suite à cette pauvreté, certain parent devient leurs responsabilité de couvrir la charge éducative, sanitaire, vestimentaire, alimentaire de leur filles, ils leurs donnent l’occasion de se faire marie prématurément.
- Les violences de conflits et Guerre : suite à des multiples conflits qui se font dans la société, plusieurs fille mineur se sont vues être marie précocement sans le vouloir. Tantôt ce sont les militaires ou les Groupe arme qui marie au moyen de la fore, tantôt les civile, les autorités locales au moyen de la ruse,
-L’ignorance et l’analphabétisme
D’après notre recherche sur le terrain nous avons trouve un grand nombre important des filles moins de 18ans est victime du mariage précoce.est plusieurs conséquence qui s’exercent sur elle. C’est le car par exemple
.Sur le plan psychologiques
Le Traumatisme, la honte, le rejet, les moqueries
.Sur le plan corporel
De VIH/SIDA, difficulté l’accouchement
.Sur le plan économique
Le appauvrissement, la culpabilité, l’abandon totale à l’éducation et en famille
PISTE DE SOLUTION
-la sensibilisation communautaire sur des thèmes de lutte contre les violences sexuelles y compris le mariage précoce
-la prise en charge psycho social. Holistique des filles mineures touchées par ce mariage précoce à travers la mise en place des activités. De prise en charge médicale psycho sociale, économique (Activité génératrice de recette, les bien nos vivre, Alphabétisation) et juridique
-l’éradication des violences des guerres et des conflits internes et externes
-le bannissement des coutumes rétrogrades
EN BREF : comme toute forme de violence sexuelle est qui exister, le mariage précoce est un phénomène qui rend la survivante plus vulnérables et détruit toute une famille et toute une communauté .C’est pour quoi elle nécessite d’être banue partout les moyens et partout les niveaux.

English translation by community member LightMyWay

CHILD MARRIAGE IN PANZI

1. INTRODUCTION
   We know that marriage, in its proper sense, is a consensual, public and formal contract conducted in front of a state official, which establishes a union between the man and the woman that they cannot break as they wish.
   In terms of the Family Code, marriage is defined as an official civil act through which a man and a woman, neither of whom is involved in a previous recorded marriage, establish a legal and lasting union between themselves, under conditions of the formation of marriage; the results and dissolution are determined by the law (article 330 in the Family Code).

From a marriage formation point of view, the essential goal of a marriage is to create a union between a man and a woman who have undertaken or are undertaking to live together until one of them dies, to share a common fate and perpetuate their species (art. 349).

As for the conditions for the validity of the marriage, Congolese law recognizes that in order to establish a marriage, there must be personal consent of both spouses who must be capable of it, the man must be over 18 and the woman, 15. Unfortunately, in Panzi that’s often not the case on the ground; much more detail in the following paragraphs.

1. THE RUNDOWN ON THE SUBJECT
   Among the different types of marriage that exist, according to our analyses, in Panzi the social phenomenon that is considered as marriage is “marriage by abduction, which we call in the Mashi language “kushola” or “KULENDEZA”, depending on whether the girl’s parents have been informed or not.

We interviewed a 13-year-old girl who was in her second year of high school and the fourth daughter in her family; she had left her house saying her institution was organizing an outing to LWIRO (a research center). Her parents didn’t give her the participation fee because they said they had to first pay for her brothers. Her friend suggested she go ask a boy for the money, and this boy gave the girl some conditions, telling her that after the trip she would leave with the boy, go back to his house and stay there as his wife. The girl did as she promised; 9 months later, she gave birth to a son, and two months later, she went home to her family. Now she has many difficulties in supporting this child.

1. DIFFICULTIES EXPERIENCED BY OUR CONTACT
   --Her brothers say that she abandoned her studies because of a boy;
   --She can’t even afford to buy a bar of soap to wash her child and her clothes;
   --Her parents no longer wish to reintegrate her into her school due to a lack of money;
   --Her friends and acquaintances abandoned her because she’s already a “teen mom”.




2. HER FUTURE PROSPECTS
   --Go back to school if she finds someone to pay for it;
   --If not, she might be able to sell shoes to pay for her own schooling and find care for her child;
   --She could also learn dressmaking if she had the chance.




3. POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS
   In the first place, parents should have an equal sense of responsibility to both their sons and their daughters; they cannot favor the boys before the girls, otherwise it’s a sort of violence of structure, because all children are equal. Girls should know their duty towards their parents before demanding their rights, but also—and above all—towards our country, because to shape a woman is to shape a nation. Our government must live up to its responsibilities in all areas, especially that of education, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.




4. CONCLUSION
   Regarding the aforementioned, our study with the subject « Child marriage in the city of Bukavu, case study in PANZI quarter », after several observations and readings, we have formulated our hypothesis. We believe that when parents do not pay school fees for their girls, it significantly undermines the morals of young women and involves the family, who want these girls to appear as young married women for themselves and their parents. This largely explains the child marriages. This could also have a negative effect on bride kidnappings of girls younger than 15 in Panzi.

To test this hypothesis, we resorted to interviewing again; after analyzing the data, we arrived at a conclusion that confirmed our hypothesis:

The interviewees emphasize that girls are not considered equal to boys in many households in Panzi in all manners of speaking.